| abbreviation |
title |
|
|
| Ä&L |
Ägypten und Levante : Zeitschrift für ägyptische Archäologie und deren Nachbargebiete, Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien, 1990- |
| AA |
Archäologischer Anzeiger, Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Berlin |
| AAA |
Annals of Archaeology and Anthropology, Liverpool, 1908-1948 |
| ÄA |
Ägyptische Abhandlungen |
| AAAS |
Annales Archéologiques Arabes Syriennes, Damascus |
| AASOR |
Annual of the American Schools of Oriental Research, New Haven, Cambridge MA, 1919- |
| ÄAT |
Ägypten und Altes Testament, Wiesbaden |
| AAWLM |
Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur in Mainz |
| ABD |
Anchor Bible Dictionary, ed. Freedman, D.N., 6 volumes, New York, 1992 |
| ABL |
Assyrian and Babylonian Letters, ed. Harper, R.F., 5 volumes, Chicago, 1892-1911 |
 |
|
| ABSA |
Annual of the British School at Athens, London, 1894- |
| ADAJ |
Annual of the Department of Antiquities, Jordan, Amman, 1951- |
| ADAIK |
Abhandlungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts Kairo |
| AÉM |
Archives épistolaires de Mari, Paris, 1988- |
| AfO |
Archiv für Orientforschung, Berlin, 1923- |
| AHw |
Akkadisches Handwörterbuch, ed. W. von Soden, 3 volumes, Wiesbaden, 1965-1981 |
| AION |
Annali dell’istituto orientale di Napoli, Naples, 1959- |
| AIP, AIPh, AIPHOS |
Annuaire de l’insitut de philologie et d’histoire orientales et slaves, Université libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, 1936- |
| AJA |
American Journal of Archaeology, Princeton, Baltimore, 1897- |
| AJP |
American Journal of Philology, Baltimore, 1880- |
| AJSLL |
American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literature, Chicago, 1895-1941 |
|
|
| AMI |
Archäologische Mitteilungen aus Iran, Berlin, 1929-38. NF= Neue Folge, 1968- |
| ANEP |
The Ancient Near East in Pictures Relating to the Old Testament, 2nd edition, ed. James B. Pritchard |
| ANET |
Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, 2nd edition, ed. James B. Pritchard |
| AnnRevAnth |
Annual Review of Anthropology, Palo Alto, California, 1972- |
| AnOr |
Analecta Orientalia, Rome, 1931- |
| AnSt |
Anatolian Studies, British Institute of Archaeology at Ankara, London, 1951- |
| AO |
Acta Orientalia |
| AOAT |
Alter Orient und Altes Testament, Kevelaer, Neukirchen-Vluyn, 1969- |
| AOS |
American Oriental Series, New Haven, 1925- |
| AthMitt |
Athenische Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts |
| AR |
Archeologické rozhledy, Prague |
|
|
| ARAB |
Ancient Records of Assyria and Babylonia, ed. Luckenbill, D.D., 2 volumes, University of Chicago Press, 1926 |
| ARE |
Breasted, J., Ancient Records of Egypt |
| ARI |
Assyrian Royal Inscriptions, ed. A.K. Grayson, Weisbaden, 1972-1976. |
| ARM |
Archives royales de Mari, ed. A. Parrot & G. Dossin, Paris, 1950- |
| ArOr |
Archiv orientální, Prague |
| AS |
Assyriological Studies, Chicago, 1931- |
| ASAE |
Annales du Service des Antiquités de l’Égypte, le Caire / Cairo, 1900- |
| ASJ |
Acta Sumerologica, Hiroshima, 1979- |
| AW |
Antike Welt – Zeitschrift für Archäologie und Kulturgeschichte, Mainz, 1970- |
| BA |
Biblical Archaeologist, Atlanta |
|
|
| BAe |
Bibliotheca Aegyptiaca, Fondation Égyptologique Reine Elisabeth, Bruxelles |
| BaghMit |
Baghdader Mitteilungen, Berlin, 1960- |
| BAR, BARev |
Biblical Archaeology Review, Washington DC, 1975- |
| BASOR |
Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, New Haven, 1919- |
| BACE |
Bulletin of the Australian Centre for Egyptology, Sydney, 1990- |
| BES |
Bulletin of the Egyptological Seminar, New York |
| Berytus |
Berytus Archaeological Studies, American University of Beirut, Beirut, 1934- |
| BIAUL |
Bulletin of the Institute of Archaeology, University of London |
| BibOr, BiOr |
Bibliotheca Orientalia, Leiden, 1943- |
| BIFAO |
Bulletin de l’Institut Français d’Archéologie Orientale, le Caire / Cairo, 1901- |
|
|
| BM |
siglum for British Museum, London |
| BMMA |
Bulletin of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, 1905-1942 |
| BN |
Biblische Notizen, Bamberg, Munich, 1976- |
| BSAE |
British School of Archaeology in Egypt, London |
| BSEG |
Bulletin de la Société d’Egyptologie de Genève, Geneva |
| BSFE |
Bulletin de la Société française d’égyptologie, Paris |
| BZ |
Biblische Zeitschrift |
| BZAW |
Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die alttestamentliche Wissenschaft |
|
CAD
|
(Chicago Assyrian Dictionary) The Assyrian Dictionary of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago |
| CAH |
Cambridge Ancient History, Cambridge, 1970- |
|
|
| CAJ |
Cambridge Archaeological Journal, Cambridge, 1991- |
| CBQ |
Catholic Biblical Quarterly, Washington DC, 1939- |
| CCE |
Cahiers de la Céramique égyptienne, IFAO, Le Caire, 1987- |
| CdÉ |
Chronique d’Égypte, Musée royaux d’art et d’histoire, Bruxelles, 1925 |
| CG, CGC |
Catalogue général du musée de Caire, Cairo, 1904- |
| CHB |
Chicago House Bulletin |
| CHD |
The Hittite Dictionary of the University of Chicago, Chicago, 1980- |
| CNRS |
Centre National du Recherche Scientifique |
| CRAI |
Comptes rendu de l’Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-lettres, Paris, 1857- |
| CRIPEL |
Cahiers de recherches de l’institut de Papyrologie et d’Egyptologie de Lille: Sociétés Urbaines en Égypte et au Soudan |
| CT |
Coffin Texts – de Buck, The Egyptian Coffin Texts, 7 volumes, Chicago |
|
|
| CTM |
Concordia Theological Monthly |
| DAFI |
Délégation archéologique française en Iran, Paris, 1971- |
| DE |
Discussions in Egyptology, Oxford, 1985- |
|
EA
|
siglum for El Amarna texts, following the edition of Knudtzon, J., Die El-Amarna Tafeln, Leipzig, 1915 |
| EES |
Egypt Exploration Society |
| EI, ErIsr |
Eretz Israel, Jerusalem, 1951- |
| GM |
Göttinger Miszellen, Göttingen |
| GN |
geographical name |
| HSS |
Harvard Semitic Series, Cambridge MA, 1912- |
| HTR |
Harvard Theological Review |
|
|
| HUCA |
Hebrew Union College Annual |
| IEJ |
Israel Exploration Journal, Jerusalem, 1950 |
| IES |
Israel Exploration Society |
| IJNA |
International Journal of Nautical Archaeology |
| ILN |
Illustrated London News, London, 1842- |
| IOS |
Israel Oriental Studies, Tel Aviv |
| Iran |
Iran – Journal of the Institute of Persian Studies, London, 1963- |
| IrAnt |
Iranica Antiqua, Leiden, 1961- |
| Iraq |
Iraq, British School of Archaeology in Iraq, London, 1934- |
| IstMitt |
Istanbuler Mitteilugen, Istanbul, 1933- |
| top |
|
| JA |
Journal asiatique, Paris 1822- |
| JAA |
Journal of Anthropological Archaeology |
| JAC |
Journal of Ancient Civilizations, Changchun, 1986- |
| JAOS |
Journal of the American Oriental Society, New Haven, 1843- |
| JARCE |
Journal of the American Research Center in Egypt, New York, 1962- |
| JAS |
Journal of Archaeological Science, London, New York, 1974- |
| JBL |
Journal of Biblical Literature, Philadelphia, 1890- |
| JCS |
Journal of Cuneiform Studies, Cambridge MA, 1947- |
| JdE |
Journal d’Entrée (accessions register of the Egyptian Museum, Cairo) |
| JdI |
Jahrbuch des deutschen archäologischen Instituts, Berlin, 1886- |
| JdS |
Journal des Savants, Paris, 1816- |
|
|
| JEA |
Journal of Egyptian Archaeology, Egypt Exploration Society, London, 1914- |
| JEOL |
Jaarbericht – “ex oriente lux”, Leiden, 1933- |
| JESHO |
Journal of the Economic & Social History of the Orient, Leiden, 1958- |
| JFA |
Journal of Field Archaeology, Boston, 1974- |
| JHS |
Journal of Hellenic Studies, London, 1880- |
| JIES |
Journal of Indo-European Studies, Hattiesburg, Minnesota, 1973- |
| JKF |
Jahrbuch für Kleinasiatische Forschung, Heidelberg, 1978- |
| JMA |
Journal of Mediterranean Archaeology |
| JNES |
Journal of Near Eastern Studies, University of Chicago, 1942- |
| JPOS |
Journal of the Palestine Oriental Society |
| JQR |
Jewish Quarterly Review, Philadelphia, 1910- |
| JRA |
Journal of Roman Archaeology |
|
|
| JRAI |
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Institute |
| JRAS |
Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, London, 1834- |
| JRGS |
Journal of the Royal Geographical Society, London |
| JRS |
Journal of Roman Studies, London, 1911- |
| JSOT |
Journal for the Study of the Old Testament, Sheffield, 1978- |
| JSOTSup |
Journal for the Study of the Old Testament – Supplement Series, Sheffield |
| JSS |
Journal of Semitic Studies, Manchester, 1956- |
| JSSEA |
Journal of the Society for the Study of Egyptian Antiquities, Toronto, 1978- |
| JTS |
Journal of Theological Studies, London, 1899 |
| JWH |
Journal of World History, Paris, 1973- |
| top |
|
| JWSR |
Journal of World-Systems Research |
| KBo |
Keilschrifttexte aus Boghazköi, Berlin & Leipzig, 1916-1921. |
| KRI |
Ramesside Inscriptions, 7 volumes, ed. K.A. Kitchen, London, 1969- |
| KUB |
Keilschrifturkunden aus Boghazköi, volumes I-XXXIV, Berlin, 1921-1944. |
| LAAA |
Liverpool Annals of Archaeology & Anthropology, Liverpool, 1908-1948 |
| LD |
Denkmäler aus Ägypten und Äthiopien, 13 volumes, ed. Karl Richard Lepsius, Berlin, 1849-58, Leipzig, 1913 |
| LdÄ |
Lexicon der Ägyptologie, Wiesbaden |
| Levant |
Levant, Journal of the British School of Archaeology in Jerusalem and the British Institute at Amman for Archaeology and History, Annual of the Council for British Research in the Levant, London, 1969- |
| LSS |
Leipziger Semitische Studien, Leipzig |
| MARI |
Mari: annales de recherches interdisciplinaires, Paris, 1982- |
|
|
| MÄS |
Münchner ägyptologische Studien, Munich, 1962-1988 |
| MDAIK |
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Institute Abteilung Kairo, Mainz, 1956- |
| MDOG |
Mitteilungen des Deutschen Orient-Gesellschaft, Berlin, 1898- |
| Meditarch |
Mediterranean Archaeology – the Australian and New Zealand Journal for the Archaeology of the Mediterranean World, Sydney, 1988- |
| MIO |
Mitteilungen des Institut für Orientforschung |
| MMA |
siglum for Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York |
| ms(s) |
manuscript(s) |
|
NABU
|
Nouvelles assyriologiques brèves at utilitaires, Paris, 1987- |
| NBC |
Niesse Babylonian Collection |
| NEA |
Near Eastern Archaeology, Atlanta |
|
|
| n.s., NS |
new series, Nova Series |
|
o
|
ostrakon, e.g. oBrussels E317 |
| OA |
Oriens Antiquus, Rome, 1962- |
| OBO |
Orbis biblicus et orientalis, Freiburg, Switzerland, 1973- |
| OIP |
Oriental Institute Publications, University of Chicago, 1924- |
| OLA |
Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta, Leuven, 1975- |
| OLZ |
Orientalische Literaturzeitung, Berlin, 1898- |
| Or (n.s.) |
Orientalia (new series), Rome, 1932- |
| OrSuec |
Orientalia Suecana, Stockholm, 1952- |
| p |
papyrus, e.g. pAnastasi = papyrus Anastasi |
|
|
| PA |
Památky archeologické, Prague, 1914- |
| PEF Ann |
Palestine Exploration Fund Annual, London, 1911- |
| PEFQS |
Palestine Exploration Fund Quarterly Statement, London, 1869-1936 |
| PEQ |
Palestine Exploration Quarterly, PEF, London, 1937- |
| P-M / P-M² |
Topographical Bibliography of Ancient Egyptian Hieroglyphic Texts, Reliefs and Paintings, 7 volumes, London, 1927- |
| PN |
siglum for personal name within text |
| PN |
Die ägyptischen Personennamen, ed. H. Ranke, 3 volumes, Glückstadt & Hamburg |
| PPS |
Proceedings of the Prehistoric Society, London, 1935- |
| PRU |
Le palais royal d’Ugarit, ed. C. Schaeffer, Mission de Ras Shamra, Paris, 1956- |
| PT |
Pyramid Texts |
|
|
| QDAP |
Quarterly of the Department of Antiquities in Palestine, Jerusalem, 1931-1950 |
| RA |
Reallexicon der Assyriologie und vorderasiatischen Archäologie |
| RA |
Revue d’Assyriologie et d’Archéologie Orientale, Paris, 1886- |
| RB |
Revue Biblique, Paris, 1892- |
| RdA |
Revue d’Assyriologie |
| RdÉ |
Revue d’Égyptologie, Paris and Cairo, 1933- |
| RHA |
Revue Hittite et Asiatique, Paris, 1930- |
| RHR |
Revue de l’Histoire de Religions |
| RLA |
Reallexicon der Assyriologie, Berlin / New York |
| RLV |
Reallexicon der Vorgeschichte |
| RN |
siglum for royal name within text |
| RQ |
Revue de Qumran |
| RS |
siglum for Ras Shamra (Ugarit) texts |
|
|
| RSO |
Rivista degli studi orientali, Rome, 1907- |
|
SAA
|
Soviet Anthropology and Archaeology |
| SAK |
Studien zum altägyptischen Kultur, München, Hamburg, 1974- |
| SAOC |
Studies in Ancient Oriental Civilization, University of Chicago, 1931- |
| SCCNH |
Studies on the Civilization and Culture of Nuzi and the Hurrians |
| SEb |
Studi Eblaiti (Mission Archeologica Italiana in Siria), Roma, 1979- |
| SEG |
Supplementum Epigraphicum Graecum |
| SHAJ |
Studies in the History and Archaeology of Jordan, Amman, 1982- |
| SIMA |
Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology |
| SMEA |
Studi Micenei ed Egeo-Anatolici, Rome, 1966- |
| StBoT |
Studien zu den Bogazköy-Texten |
| StOr |
Studia Orientalia, Helsinki, 1925- |
| Sumer |
Sumer, Baghdad (Directorate General of Antiquities), 1945- |
| SPAW |
Sitzungsberichte der Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Berlin (after 1938 = SDAW) |
| TA |
Tel Aviv – Journal of the Sonia and Marco Nadler Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 1974- |
| TAD |
Türk Arkeoloji Dergisi, Ankara |
|
|
| TM |
find siglum for Tell Mardikh / Ebla, Syria |
| TN |
siglum for temple name in text |
| TT |
Theban Tomb |
| TynBul |
Tyndale Bulletin, Tyndale Fellowship for Biblical and Theological Research, Cambridge, 1966- |
| UF |
Ugarit-Forschungen, Neukirchen-Vluyn, 1969- |
| Urk. |
Urkunden des ägyptischen Altertums, ed. G. Steindorff, Leipzig & Berlin, 1906-1958. |
| VT |
Vetus Testamentum, Leiden, 1951- |
| VT Supp |
Vetus Testamentum Supplementum |
| WA |
World Archaeology, London, 1969- |
| Wb |
Wörterbuch des ägyptischen Sprache, 7 volumes, ed. A. Erman & H. Grapow, Berlin & Leipzig |
| WB |
Wiener Beitrage zur Kunst und Kulturgeschichte Asiens |
|
|
| WO, WdO |
Die Welt des Orients, Stuttgart, 1952- |
| WZKM |
Wiener Zeitschrift für die Kunde des Morgenlandes, Vienna, 1887- |
|
YNER
|
Yale Near Eastern Researches, New Haven, 1967- |
| YOS |
Yale Oriental Series, Babylonian Texts, New Haven, 1915- |
| ZA |
Zeitschrift für Assyriologie und Vorderasiatische Archäologie, Leipzig, Berlin, 1886- |
| ZÄS |
Zeitschrift für ägyptische Sprache und Altertum, Leipzig, Berlin, 1863- |
| ZAW |
Zeitschrift für alttestamentliche Wissenschaft, Berlin, 1881- |
| ZDMG |
Zeitschrift der deutschen morgenländischen Gesellschaft, Wiesbaden, Stuttgart, 1847- |
| ZDPV |
Zeitschrift des deutschen Palästina-Vereins, Stuttgart, Wiesbaden, 1878- |
| ZSem |
Zeitschrift für Semitistik |